![]() ![]() At the point of decoding (for example, when someone misinterprets a sentence when reading an email)Įxternal noise happens when something external (not in the control of sender or receiver) impedes the message.At the point of encoding (for example, when you misspell a word in a text message).Here’s the two points where it can happen: Internal noise happens when a sender makes a mistake encoding a message or a receiver makes a mistake decoding the message. There are two types of noise: internal and external. It’s named after the idea that ‘noise’ could interrupt our understanding of a message. Noise interrupts a message while it’s on the way from the sender to the receiver. The next step in the Shannon Weaver model is ‘noise’. ![]() If we’re face-to-face, perhaps we don’t have a channel, except the sound waves from our voice that carry the sound from the sender’s mouth to the receiver’s ear. A person talking on a landline phone is using cables and electrical wires as their channel. We sometimes also call this the ‘medium’.Įxamples: A person sending an email is using the world wide web (internet) as a medium. The channel of communication is the infrastructure that gets information from the sender and transmitter through to the decoder and receiver. The next step in the Shannon Weaver model is the ‘channel’. Another encode might be a radio station, which converts voice into waves to be sent via radio to someone. However, the encoder can also be a person that turns an idea into spoken words, written words, or sign language to communicate an idea to someone.Įxamples: The encoder might be a telephone, which converts our voice into binary 1s and 0s to be sent down the telephone lines (the channel). The Shannon model was designed originally to explain communication through means such as telephone and computers which encode our words using codes like binary digits or radio waves. The encoder is the machine (or person) that converts the idea into signals that can be sent from the sender to the receiver. The next step in the Shannon Weaver model is the ‘encoder’. They will choose what to say and how to say it before the newscast begins. The information source starts the process by choosing a message to send, someone to send the message to, and a channel through which to send the message.Ī sender can send a message in multiple different ways: it may be orally (through spoken word), in writing, through body language, music, etc.Įxample: An example of a sender might be the person reading a newscast on the nightly news. They are the person (or object, or thing – any information source) who has the information to begin with. The Shannon Weaver model starts with the sender or “information source”. The Shannon Weaver model mathematical theory of communication follows the concept of communication in a linear fashion from sender to receiver with the following steps: 1.
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